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Oesophageal Atresia

Summary   Ultrasound Features   Differential Diagnoses   Syndromes   Images 1   Show All

This is a rare condition occurring in about 1 in 5000 births. There are six main types only two of which are associated with an absent stomach because there is no communication between the upper gut and trachea. In 80% of cases the oesophagus ends blindly and the stomach is connected to the lower end of the trachea.Polyhydramnios is the most likely alerting feature so the diagnosis is usually made in the third trimester. The absence of a fetal stomach should arouse suspicion that the condition exists but since the majority of cases have a stomach which connects with the trachea this sign is rare. The presence of associated anomalies should always be sought. These will include cardiovascular defects in about 30%, and anorectal and genitourinary in about 15% each. The combination of these anomalies may amount to the VATER syndrome which includes vertebral, anorectal, cardiac, oesophageal anomalies, radial aplasia and single umbilical artery. Karyotypic abnormalities may also exist and Down syndrome has been reported. Title: Second trimester prenatal findings in duodenal and oesophageal atresia without tracheoesophageal fistula Author: Estroff JA, Parad RB, Share JC, Benacerraf BR Journal: J Ultrasound Med 13; 375-379 Year: 1994 Title: Oesophageal atresia and other disorders with a similar antenatal presentation Author: Harvard AC, MacDonald LM Journal: Br J Radiol 64; 557-558 Year: 1991 Title: Tracheoesophageal fistula in utero. Twenty two cases Author: Pretorius DH, Drose JA, Dennis MA, Manchester DK, Manco-Johnson ML Journal: J Ultrasound Med 6 ; 509-513 Year: 1987 Title: The upper neck pouch sign: a prenatal sonographic marker for esophageal atresia. Author: Kalache KD; Chaoui R; Mau H; Bollmann R Journal: Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Feb;11(2):138-40 Year: 1998 Title: Esophageal and duodenal atresia in a fetus with Down's syndrome: prenatal sonographic features. Author: Chitty LS; Goodman J; Seller MJ; Maxwell D Journal: Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol Jun;7(6):450-2 Year: 1996 Title: Prenatal diagnosis of esophageal atresia. Author: Stringer MD; McKenna KM; Goldstein RB; Filly RA; Adzick NS; Harrison MR Journal: J Pediatr Surg Sep;30(9):1258-63 Year: 1995 Title: Combined esophageal atresia and duodenal stenosis in polyhydramnios. Ante-, peri- and postpartum management] Author: Hosli-Krais I; Tercanli S; Nars PW; Holzgreve W Journal: Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol Jul-Aug;200(4):161-5 Year: 1996 Title: Antenatal diagnosis of esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula. Author: Vijayaraghavan SB Journal: J Ultrasound Med May;15(5):417-9 Year: 1996 Title: Antenatal sonographic detection of the proximal esophageal segment: specific evidence for congenital esophageal atresia. Author: Satoh S; Takashima T; Takeuchi H; Koyanagi T; Nakano H Journal: J Clin Ultrasound Sep;23(7):419-23 Year: 1995

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